Where LSAT Reading Comp passages come from
That passage that wrecked your section often started as a real book or article, and you can go read the whole thing. LSAC credits some of its sources in small print near the back of each test booklet. I pulled those credits from 103 official PrepTests and matched them to their passages. That covers 237 of the 412, with the author, title, and year. For 27 more, LSAC didn't credit a source, but my own research turned up a likely one.
Not affiliated with or endorsed by LSAC. This page lists titles and authors only, never passage text.
Most-used outlets: Scientific American (14), The New York Times (11), The New York Review of Books (10), Nature (5), Science (4), The Chronicle of Higher Education (3).
What stands out
- Scientific American is the single biggest source. LSAC credits it for 14 passages, and my research turned up 4 more. That's about 1 in 5 of the science passages with a known source, plus a few in social science and history.
- Each subject has its own favorite kind of source. About 53% of the law passages with a known source come from law reviews and legal journals. Humanities passages come from books about 53% of the time, and social science from academic journals about 50% of the time. Science splits between magazines like Scientific American and journals like Nature and Science.
- LSAC got a lot more open over time. On the oldest tests it credits a source for 8% of passages. On the newer ones it's 84%. Most of the blanks are in the early tests.
- History is the hardest subject to trace. Only 50% of history passages have a known source, against 60% or more for every other subject.
How to use this list
If you're taking the LSAT next week, skip the outside reading. Use the list only in review. When a passage gives you trouble, type its PrepTest number into the search box below (it also takes an author or a subject), find the original, and read all of it. You'll see the argument before LSAC adapted it, and where the author really lands.
Don't jump straight into the original, though. Reread the LSAT passage first and write one sentence for the main point and one for the author's view. Then read the original and check both sentences against it.
If your main point was off, look at what you latched onto instead. Usually it's an example, or a view the author brings up only to push back on. That's the exact mistake the wrong answers on main point and author's attitude questions are built around, and seeing it in the full article makes it a lot easier to spot under time pressure.
After you've done that a few times, you start noticing what LSAC keeps from a long article and what it cuts. That makes the next passage feel a lot less random.
Finding the originals is usually easier than people expect. Search the exact title in quotes with the author's last name, and you'll get most of the magazine and newspaper pieces. Journal articles are often on JSTOR, which lets you read a limited number free with an account. Your public library card may also get you into newspaper and magazine archives, and you can borrow some of the older books online with a free Internet Archive account (the list marks which).
The list, by PrepTest
| # | Passage topic | Source |
|---|---|---|
| LawHub PrepTest 159 February 2024 | ||
| 1 | 1930s comic strip by a Black woman cartoonisthumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Edward Brunner, 'Shuh! Ain't Nothin' To It': The Dynamics of Success in Jackie Ormes's Torchy Brown (MELUS, 2007) |
| 2 | Microcredit versus broader financial services for the poorsocial science | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: The Hidden Wealth of the Poor (The Economist, 2005) Passage B: Imran Matin, David Hulme, Stuart Rutherford, Finance for the Poor: From Microcredit to Microfinancial Services (Journal of International Development, 2002) |
| 3 | Measuring cosmic expansion and the search for dark energynatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Adrian Cho, The Quest for Dark Energy: High Road or Low? (Science, 2005) |
| 4 | Legal ownership as a bundle of rights versus exclusionlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Larissa Katz, Exclusion and Exclusivity in Property Law (University of Toronto Law Journal, 2008) |
| LawHub PrepTest 159 (its unscored section) April 2025 | ||
| 1 | Arguments for women's rights during the French Revolutionhistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Elisabeth G. Sledziewski, The French Revolution as the Turning Point (A History of Women in the West (Harvard University Press), 1993) |
| 2 | Sports as ritual display and as arthumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Passage B: Matthew McGough, The Art of Sport (The Boston Globe, 2006) |
| 3 | Maya land rights and logging concessions in Belizelaw | LSAC credit, confirmed S. James Anaya, Maya Aboriginal Land and Resource Rights and the Conflict Over Logging in Southern Belize (Yale Human Rights and Development Journal, 1998) |
| 4 | Limits of a physics theory of everything; complexitynatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 158 old PrepTest 90 | ||
| 1 | Industrial toxic waste disposal alternativesnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Trickster figure in Native American and European literaturehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Franchot Ballinger, Ambigere: The Euro-American Picaro and the Native American Trickster (MELUS, 1992) |
| 3 | Plagiarism's history in Renaissance dramahumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Christopher Ricks, Plagiarism (Plagiarism in Early Modern England, ed. Paulina Kewes, 2003) |
| 4 | Criminal versus civil liability for corporationslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed C. M. V. Clarkson, Corporate Culpability (1998) |
| LawHub PrepTest 157 old PrepTest 93 | ||
| 1 | Civil rights movement growth after school desegregationhistory | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Prescriptive versus descriptive grammarians and language changehumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Salvage rights versus protection of sunken shipwreckslaw | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: William J. Broad, Deep-Sea Joint Venture: Britain and U.S. Company in a Treasure Hunt (The New York Times, 2002) Passage B: Draft Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (The Institute of Marine Archaeological Conservation, 2003) |
| 4 | Whether national debt harms environmental qualitysocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed David Maddison, David Pearce, Dominic Moran, Neil Adger, Debt and the Environment (Scientific American, 1995) |
| LawHub PrepTest 157 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 91 | ||
| 1 | African American musicians adopting new instruments and soundshumanities | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 2 | Prediction markets as ways to gather collective judgment (paired)social science | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 3 | Defining a species: lumpers versus splitters in biologynatural science | LSAC credit, likely match Malcolm G. Scully, Are You a Lumper or a Splitter? (The Chronicle of Higher Education, 2002) |
| 4 | Legal protection for computer software: copyright versus patentlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed John Swinson, Copyright or Patent or Both: An Algorithmic Approach to Computer Software Protection (Harvard Journal of Law & Technology, 1991) |
| LawHub PrepTest 156 old PrepTest 94 | ||
| 1 | Formal law versus substantive justice under social inequalitylaw | LSAC credit, likely match Geoffrey W. G. Leane, Testing Some Theories About Law (Melbourne University Law Review, 1995) |
| 2 | Reductionism and science's role in human understandingnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage B: Michael Shermer, Freeman Dyson, Miracles, and the Belief in the Paranormal (eSkeptic newsletter, 2004) |
| 3 | Commercial forces behind the rise of bebophistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Scott DeVeaux, The Birth of Bebop (University of California Press, 1997) |
| 4 | Chemist's oyster-shell inspiration for biodegradable polymersnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Steven Ashley, It's Not Easy Being Green (Scientific American, 2002) |
| LawHub PrepTest 156 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 92 | ||
| 1 | Heirloom crops kept alive by indigenous farmerssocial science | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 2 | Public funding of the arts through earmarked taxes (paired)social science | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Shift in corporate bankruptcy law prioritieslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Vanessa Finch, The Measures of Insolvency Law (Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 1997) |
| 4 | Gobi fossil site and how its dinosaurs diednatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Jeff Poling, Gobi Dinosaurs Killed by Rainstorms, Not Sandstorms (Dinosauria website, 1998) |
| LawHub PrepTest 155 old PrepTest 89 | ||
| 1 | Why early nonfiction films deserve fresh attentionhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Stephen Bottomore, Rediscovering Early Non-Fiction Film (Film History, 2001) |
| 2 | International law on shared rivers and watercourseslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed David J. Lazerwitz, The Flow of International Water Law: The International Law Commission's Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses (Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 1993) |
| 3 | Limits on shrinking computer chipsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Laura Sivitz, When the Chips Are Down (Science News, 2000) |
| 4 | Whether language shapes thought (Whorf) (paired)social science | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Guy Deutscher, Does Your Language Shape How You Think? (The New York Times, 2010) Passage B: Rochel Gelman and C. R. Gallistel, Language and the Origin of Numerical Concepts (Science, 2004) |
| LawHub PrepTest 154 old PrepTest 88 | ||
| 1 | Societies of the southern African plateau and Great Zimbabwehistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Graeme Barker, Cows and Kings (Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 1988) |
| 2 | Historical novelists' license with facts and dialoguehumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: James Forrester, The Lying Art of Historical Fiction (Guardian News & Media (Books blog), 2010) |
| 3 | How cholera bacteria spread and cause epidemicsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Catherine Dold, The Cholera Lesson (Discover, 1999) |
| 4 | Customary international law on environmental damage between nationslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Daniel Bodansky, Customary (and Not So Customary) International Environmental Law (Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 1995) |
| LawHub PrepTest 153 old PrepTest 87 | ||
| 1 | What film audiences actually see versus filmmakers' intenthumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Jan Uhde, A Tortuous Path (Kinema, 1997) |
| 2 | Fish farming's effect on world fish suppliesnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Accomplice and jailhouse informant testimony and jurieslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Jeffrey S. Neuschatz, Deah S. Lawson, Jessica K. Swanner, Christian A. Meissner, and Joseph S. Neuschatz, The Effects of Accomplice Witnesses and Jailhouse Informants on Jury Decision Making (Law and Human Behavior, 2007) |
| 4 | Blues musicians versus West African griots (paired)humanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage B: Adrian H. Hearn, Guardians of Culture: The Controversial Heritage of Senegalese Griots (The Australian Journal of Anthropology, 2004) |
| LawHub PrepTest 153 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 82 | ||
| 1 | Economic and ecological value of world forestsnatural science | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 2 | Native radio for saving endangered indigenous languagessocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Kallen Martin, Listen!: Native Radio Can Save Languages (Cornell University, 1996) |
| 3 | Whether judges must sincerely believe their opinionslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage B: David L. Shapiro, In Defense of Judicial Candor (Harvard Law Review, 1987) |
| 4 | Grand theories in nineteenth-century social thoughthistory | LSAC credit, likely match Michael Ignatieff, The Illusion of Fate (The New Republic, 1995) |
| LawHub PrepTest 152 old PrepTest 86 | ||
| 1 | Indus Valley civilization and its citieshistory | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Classical Hollywood film style and its erahumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) David Bordwell, Janet Staiger, Kristin Thompson, The Classical Hollywood Cinema: Film Style and Mode of Production to 1960 (Columbia University Press (book), 1985) |
| 3 | Free will, the law, and unconscious behaviorlaw | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) David Eagleman, The Brain on Trial (The Atlantic, 2011) |
| 4 | Early universe inflation and cosmic expansionnatural science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Sean M. Carroll and Jennifer Chen, Spontaneous Inflation and the Origin of the Arrow of Time (arXiv hep-th/0410270 (preprint), 2004) |
| LawHub PrepTest 151 old PrepTest 85 | ||
| 1 | Shelley v. Kraemer and racially restrictive covenantslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Mark D. Rosen, Was Shelley v. Kraemer Incorrectly Decided? Some New Answers (California Law Review, 2007) |
| 2 | Archaeological evidence of earliest horse domestication, Kazakhstanhistory | LSAC credit, confirmed William Speed Weed, First to Ride (Walt Disney Company, 2002) |
| 3 | Whether music benefits from association with wordshumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Plate tectonics and earthquake zonesnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed William J. Broad, Theory of Plate Movement Marks Zones That Breed Frequent Quakes (The New York Times, 1995) |
| LawHub PrepTest 150 old PrepTest 84 | ||
| 1 | Evidence for global warming from temperature recordsnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Helping eyewitnesses recall more during police interviewssocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Timothy J. Perfect et al., How Can We Help Witnesses to Remember More? It's an (Eyes) Open and Shut Case (Law and Human Behavior, 2007) |
| 3 | Detective fiction and the suspicious readerhumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Emilio Sauri, 'A la Pinche Modernidad': Literary Form and the End of History in Roberto Bolano's Los Detectives Salvajes (Modern Language Notes, 2010) |
| 4 | How cooking changed human digestive anatomynatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Richard Wrangham, NancyLou Conklin-Brittain, Cooking as a Biological Trait (Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 2003) |
| LawHub PrepTest 150 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 81 | ||
| 1 | Wynton Marsalis and jazz history advocacyhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Whether we know our own thoughts differently than others'social science | LSAC credit, confirmed Alison Gopnik, How We Know Our Minds: The Illusion of First-Person Knowledge of Intentionality (Cambridge University Press, 1993) |
| 3 | Dowsing for underground water and tests of itnatural science | LSAC credit, likely match Hans-Dieter Betz, Unconventional Water Detection: Field Test of the Dowsing Technique in Dry Zones: Part 1 (Journal of Scientific Exploration, 1998) |
| 4 | Whether judges should do independent scientific research (paired)law | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Edward K. Cheng, Should Judges Do Independent Research on Scientific Issues? (Judicature, 2006) Passage B: Sharon Keller and Donald Cimics, Appellate Courts Should Resist the Temptation to Conduct Their Own Independent Research on Scientific Issues (Judicature, 2006) |
| LawHub PrepTest 149 old PrepTest 83 | ||
| 1 | Whether Chinatown Chinese is a new dialectsocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Marjorie K. M. Chan and Douglas W. Lee, Chinatown Chinese: A Linguistic and Historical Re-evaluation (Amerasia Journal, 1981) |
| 2 | Habitability of universes with different physical lawsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Alejandro Jenkins and Gilad Perez, Looking for Life in the Multiverse: Universes with Different Physical Laws Might Still Be Habitable (Scientific American, 2010) |
| 3 | Informal norms replacing IP law among comedians and chefslaw | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: Dotan Oliar and Christopher Jon Sprigman, There's No Free Laugh (Anymore): The Emergence of Intellectual Property Norms and the Transformation of Stand-Up Comedy (Virginia Law Review, 2008) Passage B: Emmanuelle Fauchart and Eric von Hippel, Norms-Based Intellectual Property Systems: The Case of French Chefs (Organization Science, 2008) |
| 4 | Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Darwinism in social thoughthistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Ann J. Lane, Introduction to Herland (1979) |
| LawHub PrepTest 148 old PrepTest 80 | ||
| 1 | Rawls's justice theory versus utilitarianismsocial science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) David Gordon, Going Off the Rawls (The American Conservative, 2008) |
| 2 | Black migration out of the American South, 1915-1960social science | LSAC credit, confirmed William J. Carrington, Enrica Detragiache, and Tara Vishwanath, Migration with Endogenous Moving Costs (The Economic Review, 1996) |
| 3 | Case against insider-trading law (paired)law | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: Dachary Carey, What's Wrong With Insider Trading? (Life123, 2009) Passage B: Brian Doherty, Free Samuel Waksal (Reason Magazine, 2002) |
| 4 | Conceptual problems with brain scans as pictures of the mindsocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 147 old PrepTest 79 | ||
| 1 | Muscle memory in bodybuilders and muscle sciencenatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Sandra Prior, Does Muscle Memory Occur? (EzineArticles.com, 2007) Passage B: Tina Hesman Saey, Muscles Can Remember Past Glory (ScienceNews, 2010) |
| 2 | Designer Eileen Gray's career and attention to detailhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Paul Clerkin and Beth McLendon, Eileen Gray (Irish Architecture Online (Archéire), 1997) |
| 3 | Mesolithic woodland clearings and human land usehistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Paul Davies, John G. Robb, and Dave Ladbrook, Woodland Clearance in the Mesolithic: The Social Aspects (Antiquity, 2005) |
| 4 | Specific performance as a contract remedylaw | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 147 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 72 | ||
| 1 | Downsides of aggressive wildfire suppressionnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Michael Parfit, The Essential Elements of Fire (National Geographic Society, 1996) |
| 2 | Looting and ownership of Mali's ancient sculptureshumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Ethics of clinical trials and treatment equipoisesocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Benjamin Freedman, Equipoise and the Ethics of Clinical Research (Massachusetts Medical Society, 1987) |
| 4 | Spread and merits of flat income taxessocial science | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: The Flat-tax Revolution (The Economist, 2005) Passage B: Douglas Dunn, Flat Tax Fiasco (2004) |
| LawHub PrepTest 146 old PrepTest 78 | ||
| 1 | Jury nullification: whether it is justified (paired)law | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Andrew D. Leipold, Jury Nullification: A Perversion of Justice? (USA Today, 1997) Passage B: Nancy S. Marder, The Myth of the Nullifying Jury (Northwestern University Law Review, 1999) |
| 2 | Class-based readings of art and music historyhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Early Sumerian clay tablets and the origins of writinghistory | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 4 | Ozone layer depletion by chlorine compounds and the 1970s debatenatural science | LSAC credit, likely match Mario J. Molina and F. S. Rowland, Stratospheric Sink for Chlorofluoromethanes: Chlorine Atom-Catalysed Destruction of Ozone (Nature, 1974) M. A. A. Clyne, Destruction of Atmospheric Ozone? (Nature, 1974) T. L. Cairns and J. P. Jeeson, Letters (Science, 1975) |
| LawHub PrepTest 145 old PrepTest 77 | ||
| 1 | Federal Theater Project and Black theatrehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Paul Nadler, Review of Blueprints for a Black Federal Theatre (African American Review, 1996) |
| 2 | Setting penalties for corporate crimelaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Amitai Etzioni, The U.S. Sentencing Commission on Corporate Crime: A Critique (American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1993) |
| 3 | Women's history versus gender history in historiographyhistory | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 4 | Lamarck's evolutionary theory and its later reputationnatural science | LSAC credit, likely match Mark Parascandola, The Other Evolutionist (Lingua Franca, 1999) |
| LawHub PrepTest 145 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 61 | ||
| 1 | Creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rightshistory | LSAC credit, confirmed David Pitts, The Noble Endeavor: The Creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (U.S. Department of State, Office of International Information Programs, 2001) |
| 2 | Whether a forgery can match an original's aesthetic valuehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Alfred Lessing, What Is Wrong With a Forgery? (The Forger's Art, University of California Press, 1983) |
| 3 | Animal vocalization and others' mental statesnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Transnational outlook of early Black historianshistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Robin D. G. Kelley, But a Local Phase of a World Problem: Black History's Global Vision, 1883–1950 (Organization of American Historians, 1999) |
| LawHub PrepTest 144 old PrepTest 76 | ||
| 1 | Hostile reactions to Schoenberg's dissonant musichumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Richard Dyer, Love Him or Loathe Him, He Transformed Music (The New York Times, 2006) |
| 2 | Intellectual property protection for biotechnology discoverieslaw | LSAC credit, likely match Thomas D. Mays, Biotech Incites Outcry (The National Law Journal, 1996) |
| 3 | Iroquois wampum as a political communication systemhistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Barbara A. Mann, The Fire at Onondaga (Kahniakehaka Nation Council, 1995) |
| 4 | Popper's falsification and its limits in science (paired)natural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Peter Lipton, The Medawar Lecture 2004: The Truth about Science (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 2005) Passage B: John H. Schumann, Some Problems with Falsification: An Illustration from SLA Research (Applied Linguistics, 1993) |
| LawHub PrepTest 143 old PrepTest 75 | ||
| 1 | Visual anthropology's reform of ethnographic film practicesocial science | LSAC credit, likely match John Palattella, Pictures of Us (Lingua Franca, 1998) |
| 2 | Judicial recusal rules focused on appearanceslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Sarah M. R. Cravens, In Pursuit of Actual Justice (Alabama Law Review, 2007) |
| 3 | Whether lying can justly answer lyinghumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Passage B: Jeffrey Reiman, Justice, Civilization, and the Death Penalty (Princeton University Press, 1985) |
| 4 | Whether old window glass really flows downwardnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed C. Wu, Analysis Shatters Cathedral Glass Myth (Science Service, 1998) |
| LawHub PrepTest 142 old PrepTest 74 | ||
| 1 | Smell as neglected sense in judging oil paintingshumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Courtroom strategy of revealing damaging facts firstlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Kipling D. Williams, Martin J. Bourgeois, and Robert T. Croyle, The Effects of Stealing Thunder in Criminal and Civil Trials (Plenum Publishing, 1993) |
| 3 | Neuroscience's challenge to legal views of responsibilitylaw | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: Michael S. Gazzaniga and Megan S. Steven, Neuroscience and the Law (Scientific American, 2007) Passage B: Jeffrey Rosen, The Brain on the Stand (The New York Times, 2007) |
| 4 | Review of a book on Mexican American Generation activismhistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Mario T. Garcia, Mexican Americans: Leadership, Ideology, and Identity, 1930-1960 (Yale University Press (book), 1989) |
| LawHub PrepTest 141 old PrepTest 73 | ||
| 1 | Critique of strict adaptationist readings of Darwinnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Victorian photographer's staged costume pictureshumanities | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 3 | Whether advertising works by creating false needssocial science | LSAC credit, likely match Helen Irving, Little Elves and Mind Control (The Australian Journal of Media and Culture, 1991) |
| 4 | Justice in property acquisition and original land claimslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage B: David Lyons, The New Indian Claims and Original Rights to Land (Reading Nozick, ed. Jeffrey Paul; Rowman and Littlefield, 1981) |
| LawHub PrepTest 141 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 70 | ||
| 1 | Infectious agents that do not reproduce like living organismsnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Katherine Dunham's dance-isolation techniquehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Vévé Clark, Performing the Memory of Difference in Afro-Caribbean Dance: Katherine Dunham's Choreography, 1938-87 (Oxford University Press, 1994) |
| 3 | The wealth and happiness paradox (paired)social science | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage B: Richard Layard, Lionel Robbins Memorial Lectures 2002/3: Happiness: Has Social Science A Clue? (CEP, 2003) |
| 4 | Voluntary versus involuntary risk and government protectionlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Cass R. Sunstein, A Note on 'Voluntary' versus 'Involuntary' Risks (Duke Environmental Law and Policy Forum, 1997) |
| LawHub PrepTest 140 old PrepTest 71 | ||
| 1 | Painter Sam Gilliam and Washington Color Schoolhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Taxing virtual-world economies and online game playlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Clive Thompson, Game Theories (The Walrus, 2004) Passage B: Leandra Lederman, 'Stranger than Fiction': Taxing Virtual Worlds (New York University Law Review, 2007) |
| 3 | Expert performance: innate talent versus deliberate practicesocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed K. Anders Ericsson and Neil Charness, Expert Performance: Its Structure and Acquisition (American Psychological Association, 1994) |
| 4 | Why mirrors reverse left-right but not up-downnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Kevin Brown, A Mirror to Physics (1997) |
| LawHub PrepTest 139 old PrepTest 69 | ||
| 1 | Industrial farming, debt, and small-farm bankruptcysocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Booker T. Whatley, How to Make $100,000 Farming 25 Acres (Regenerative Agriculture Association, 1987) |
| 2 | A photographer reviving the tintype processhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Lyle Rexer, Photographers Move Forward into the Past (The New York Times, 1998) |
| 3 | Software patents: criticism versus a company's stated positionlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Timothy B. Lee, Vonage Is the Latest Victim of Patent Abuse (The American, 2007) Passage B: Red Hat, Inc., Statement of Position and Our Promise on Software Patents (Red Hat, 2007) |
| 4 | A rare Mauritius tree and the extinct dodonatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 139 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 60 | ||
| 1 | Suburban sprawl and the case against itsocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Jeff Minerd, Impacts of Sprawl (World Future Society, 2000) |
| 2 | How honeybees communicate food locations through dancenatural science | LSAC credit, likely match Wolfgang H. Kirchner, William F. Towne, The Sensory Basis of the Honeybee's Dance Language (Scientific American, 2001) |
| 3 | Origins of Chicano political activism beyond the farm workershistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Jorge Huerta, When Sleeping Giants Awaken: Chicano Theatre in the 1960s (The American Society for Theatre Research, 2002) |
| 4 | Proposal to allow contingency fees for lawyers in Australialaw | LSAC credit, confirmed GiGi Visscher, Contingency Fees in Western Australia (eLaw Journal: Murdoch University Electronic Journal of Law, 2000) |
| LawHub PrepTest 138 old PrepTest 68 | ||
| 1 | Corridos, Border ballads of Mexican-American traditionhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Plant chemistry and insect attraction or defensenatural science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) |
| 3 | Economic theory's pin factory versus invisible hand tensionsocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 4 | Why prosecutors decline to enforce laws; selective enforcementlaw | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: William M. Landes and Richard A. Posner, The Private Enforcement of Law (University of Chicago, 1975) Passage B: Christopher Tozzo, Selective Enforcement and NYC's Water Deadbeats (KipEsquire, 2007) |
| LawHub PrepTest 137 old PrepTest 67 | ||
| 1 | Black entertainer Lorenzo Tucker in theater and film historyhistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Richard Grupenhoff, The Black Valentino (1988) |
| 2 | An anthropologist's life-history of a !Kung woman and its methodsocial science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Marjorie Shostak, Nisa: The Life and Words of a !Kung Woman (Harvard University Press, 1981) |
| 3 | Conservationists' changing view of invasive species (paired)natural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Whether a sovereign can have unlimited legal powerlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed David S. Law, The Paradox of Omnipotence (Georgia Law Review, 2006) |
| LawHub PrepTest 136 old PrepTest 66 | ||
| 1 | Whether digital text will replace printed bookshumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Fingerprint evidence challenged in a criminal appeallaw | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Jennifer L. Mnookin, Fingerprints: Not a Gold Standard (Issues in Science and Technology, 2003) |
| 3 | Music and literature influencing each otherhumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Review of Jazz in Toni Morrison: Critical Perspectives Past and Present (Toni Morrison: Critical Perspectives Past and Present (Amistad), 1993) |
| 4 | Discovery of nuclear fission and overlooked hypothesesnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 136 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 52 | ||
| 1 | Ousmane Sembene's filmmaking and its political commitmenthumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Francoise Pfaff, The Uniqueness of Ousmane Sembène's Cinema (Five Colleges, 1993) |
| 2 | How historians and legal writers tell stories (paired)history | LSAC credit, confirmed James R. Elkins, What Kind of Story is Legal Writing? (Legal Studies Forum, 1994) Source of the legal-writing passage in the pair; LSAC lists no source for the other one |
| 3 | Animal contests and variable versus ritualized displaysnatural science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Susan E. Riechert, Spider Fights as a Test of Evolutionary Game Theory (American Scientist, 1986) Borrow free |
| 4 | When governments have a moral right to command obediencelaw | LSAC credit, confirmed A. John Simmons, On the Edge of Anarchy: Locke, Consent, and the Limits of Society (Princeton University Press, 1993) |
| LawHub PrepTest 135 old PrepTest 65 | ||
| 1 | Latina autobiography as an emerging literary genrehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Lourdes Torres, The Construction of the Self in U.S. Latina Autobiographies (Indiana University Press, 1991) |
| 2 | Risk of losing digital information; archivists' preservation worriessocial science | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 3 | Why blackmail is hard to justify as a crime (paired law articles)law | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: R. H. Helmholz, The Roman Law of Blackmail (The University of Chicago Press, 2001) |
| 4 | Taking surplus European farmland out of productionsocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Marion de Boo, Dutch Farmland: Back to Nature (Stanley Foundation, 1999) |
| LawHub PrepTest 134 old PrepTest 64 | ||
| 1 | How best to deter calculated versus impulsive crimeslaw | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 2 | Mexican American proverb use and its meaninghumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Evolutionary psychology and explaining human behavior or altruismsocial science | LSAC credit, likely match Passage B: D. J. Kruger, Evolution and Altruism: Combining Psychological Mediators with Naturally Selected Tendencies (Human Behavior and Evolution Society, 2003) |
| 4 | Russian literary criticism's split over art's purpose, Dostoyevskyhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 133 old PrepTest 63 | ||
| 1 | Legal meaning of tradition in Alaska resource uselaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Jennifer L. Tomsen, 'Traditional' Resource Uses and Activities: Articulating Values and Examining Conflicts in Alaska (Alaska Law Review, 2002) |
| 2 | Kate Chopin's development within women's fictionhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Seafloor discoveries leading to plate tectonicsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed W. Jacquelyne Kious and Robert I. Tilling, This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics (United States Geological Survey, 1996) |
| 4 | Historians' objectivity ideal and history versus fictionhistory | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 132 old PrepTest 62 | ||
| 1 | Dating old earthquakes using fault evidence and new methodsnatural science | LSAC credit, likely match Josie Glausiusz, Seismologists Go Green (Discover, 1999) |
| 2 | Debate over custom medical illustrations as courtroom evidencelaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Teeth and skeletons as evidence of prehistoric diet shiftssocial science | LSAC credit, likely match Passage A: Karen Gust Schollmeyer, Christy G. Turner II, Dental Caries, Prehistoric Diet, and the Pithouse-to-Pueblo Transition in Southwestern Colorado (Society for American Archaeology, 2004) Passage B: Michael Pietrusewsky, Michele Toomay Douglas, Intensification of Agriculture at Ban Chiang: Is There Evidence from the Skeletons? (University of Hawaii Press, 2001) |
| 4 | Reassessing a regional writer's ties to domestic fictionhumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Richard H. Brodhead, Cultures of Letters: Scenes of Reading and Writing in Nineteenth-Century America (University of Chicago Press, 1993) |
| LawHub PrepTest 132 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 51 | ||
| 1 | Ezekiel Mphahlele blending autobiography and fictionhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Debate over the late heavy bombardment of the inner planetsnatural science | LSAC credit, likely match Clark R. Chapman, Bombarding Mars Lately (Nature, 1996) |
| 3 | Foreign TV programs in developing nations and cultural dominancesocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Michael Tracey, The Poisoned Chalice? International Television and the Idea of Dominance (American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1985) |
| 4 | AI legal reasoning systems and handling contradictionslaw | LSAC credit, likely match Michael Aikenhead, Legal Knowledge Based Systems: Some Observations on the Future (Web Journal of Current Legal Issues, 1995) Paul Bratley, Daniel Poulin, and Pierre St-Vincent, A Contradiction Management System (1993) Daniel Poulin, Pierre St-Vincent and Paul Bratley, Contradiction and Confirmation (1993) |
| LawHub PrepTest 131 old PrepTest 59 | ||
| 1 | Climate model uncertainty and public-resource computingnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed David Stainforth et al., Climateprediction.net: Design Principles for Public-Resource Modeling Research (IASTED, 2002) |
| 2 | Why law schools should teach statutory law morelaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Jack Stark, Teaching Statutory Law (Association of American Law Schools, 1994) |
| 3 | Sculptor Isamu Noguchi's scientist-like artistic originalityhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 4 | Ultimatum game experiment and fairness in economicssocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Karl Sigmund, Ernst Fehr, and Martin A. Nowak, The Economics of Fair Play (Scientific American, 2001) |
| LawHub PrepTest 130 old PrepTest 58 | ||
| 1 | Textile-making evidence and women's crafts in ancient timeshistory | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | A Nigerian computer scientist's unconventional approach to supercomputingnatural science | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 3 | Theory tying copyright to ownership of physical objectslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Musical complexity and listener appeal (paired)humanities | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 129 old PrepTest 57 | ||
| 1 | Early FCC treatment of broadcast access and public interestlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Jerome Barron, Freedom of the Press for Whom? The Right of Access to Mass Media (Indiana University Press, 1973) Borrow free |
| 2 | Reconciling science and the humanitieshumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Two critical views of Willa Catherhumanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) |
| 4 | Fractal geometry and self-similar shapesnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Huw Jones, Fractals Before Mandelbrot: A Selective History (Springer-Verlag New York, 1993) |
| LawHub PrepTest 128 old PrepTest C2 | ||
| 1 | Why New Zealand's wool industry declinedsocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed James Baillieu, Josh Dowse, and Baruch Ter Wal, A New Wool Order (McKinsey & Company, 2001) |
| 2 | How Woody Allen's films treat art and artistshumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Peter J. Bailey, The Reluctant Film Art of Woody Allen (University Press of Kentucky, 2001) Borrow free |
| 3 | How scientists figured out what powers the sunnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 4 | Cosmic justice versus traditional justice (paired)law | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Timothy B. Lewis, The Meaning of Justice (Constitutional Freedom Foundation, 2004) |
| LawHub PrepTest 128 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 50 | ||
| 1 | Chicano literature and a cultural borderlandhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Martha Robles, An Historical Adventure: Notes on Chicano Literature (TriQuarterly, 1992) |
| 2 | Shift of bankruptcy law from punishment to remedylaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Cultural accounts and definitions shaped by biashumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 4 | Replicability of experiments and chaotic systemsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Elise Hancock, Unpredictable Outcomes Could Be 'Poison' to Science (The Johns Hopkins University, 1994) |
| LawHub PrepTest 127 old PrepTest 56 | ||
| 1 | Nigerian writer Amos Tutuola's language and receptionhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Why kin recognition evolved in organismsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Defining national minorities in international lawlaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Women's education in nineteenth-century Francehistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Geneviève Fraisse and Michelle Perrot, eds., A History of Women in the West (Harvard University Press, 1993) |
| LawHub PrepTest 126 old PrepTest 55 | ||
| 1 | Employee moves between companies and trade secretslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Purple loosestrife invasion of wetlands (paired)natural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Daniel Q. Thompson, Ronald L. Stuckey, and Edith B. Thompson, Spread, Impact, and Control of Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) in North American Wetlands (US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1987) Passage B: John Sandlos, Purple Loosestrife and the 'Bounding' of Nature in North American Wetlands (Electronic Journal of Sociology, 1997) |
| 3 | Maxine Hong Kingston and oral tradition as literary heritagehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Linda Ching Sledge, Oral Tradition in Kingston's China Men (The Modern Language Association of America, 1990) |
| 4 | Speculative bubbles in asset pricessocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Peter M. Garber, Famous Bubbles: The Fundamentals of Early Manias (MIT Press, 2000) |
| LawHub PrepTest 125 old PrepTest 54 | ||
| 1 | Whether national law can govern the Internetlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed David R. Johnson and David Post, Law and Borders: The Rise of Law in Cyberspace (Stanford Law Review, 1996) |
| 2 | Oil-well drilling fluids and their functionsnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Performer who popularized the cakewalk dancehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed David Krasner, Rewriting the Body: Aida Overton Walker and the Social Formation of Cakewalking (American Society for Theatre Research, 1996) |
| 4 | Group cohesiveness and flawed decision makingsocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Irving L. Janis, Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes (Houghton Mifflin Co., 1982) Borrow free |
| LawHub PrepTest 125 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 42 | ||
| 1 | Writings about Thurgood Marshall beyond his judicial recordlaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Roy Lichtenstein's pop art and comic-book stylehumanities | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 3 | Market rewards for technology investors and wider benefitssocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Chemical signaling between brain cells beyond electrical impulsesnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 124 old PrepTest 53 | ||
| 1 | Hawaii Asian American poetry beyond familiar themeshumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Brenda Kwon, Review of Expanding the Doubtful Points by Wing Tek Lum (Regents of the University of California, 1995) |
| 2 | Weight of history on English common lawlaw | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Peter Goodrich, Poor Illiterate Reason: History, Nationalism and Common Law (Social & Legal Studies 1(1):7-28, 1992) |
| 3 | Business interests and university research (paired)social science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Predatory mites controlling pest mites in strawberriesnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 123 June 2007 | ||
| 1 | Rift between poetry and fiction in academic writing programshumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Whether music and language originated together (paired)natural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Legal rights of owners of Web pages and linkslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Using pollen and documents to trace Ireland's changing landscapehistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Valerie A. Hall, The Development of the Landscape of Ireland over the Last Two Thousand Years; Fresh Evidence from Historical and Pollen Analytical Studies (Chronicon, UCC, 1997) |
| LawHub PrepTest 123 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 41 | ||
| 1 | Copyright suit over photocopied university course packslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Denise K. Magner, Appeals Court Rules against Publishers in 'Course Packs' Case (The Chronicle of Higher Education, 1996) |
| 2 | Countee Cullen and the Harlem Renaissancehumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Black Writers (Gale Research, 1994) |
| 3 | Renewable electricity and development assistancesocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Keith Lee Kozloff, Rethinking Development Assistance for Renewable Electricity Sources (Helen Dwight Reid Educational Foundation, 1995) |
| 4 | Criticisms of Victorian English philanthropyhistory | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 122 old PrepTest 49 | ||
| 1 | Computer-generated displays as courtroom evidencelaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Declan O'Flaherty, Computer-Generated Displays in the Courtroom: For Better or Worse? (1996) |
| 2 | Judging tribal origins of African sculpture by stylehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Christopher D. Roy, Art and Life in Africa: Selections from the Stanley Collection, Exhibitions of 1985 and 1992 (University of Iowa Museum of Art, 1992) |
| 3 | Evidence for women doctors in ancient Greece and Romehistory | LSAC credit, confirmed Holt N. Parker, Women Doctors in Greece, Rome, and the Byzantine Empire (University Press of Kentucky, 1997) |
| 4 | Maize cultivation's effect on cultureshistory | LSAC credit, likely match Michael J. Balick, Plants, People, and Culture: The Science of Ethnobotany (Scientific American, 1996) |
| LawHub PrepTest 121 old PrepTest 48 | ||
| 1 | Purposes of early cave paintingshumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Louise Glück on women reading and writing poetryhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Native Canadians' rights over cultural propertylaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Catherine Bell, Aboriginal Claims to Cultural Property in Canada: A Comparative Legal Analysis of the Repatriation Debate (American Indian Law Review, 1992) |
| 4 | How embryos establish top-bottom and front-back polaritynatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 121 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 40 | ||
| 1 | Multipolar versus bipolar international systems and stabilitysocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Latin American poetry in Spanish versus Spain'shumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Octavio Paz, Convergences: Essays on Art and Literature (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1987) Borrow free |
| 3 | Gravitation and weighing the universenatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Curt Suplee, Putting the Universe on the Scales (The Washington Post, 1995) |
| 4 | Leading questions and eyewitness testimony reliabilitysocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed James R. Reich, Jr., The Eyewitness: Imperfect Interface between Stimuli and Story (Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, 1993) |
| LawHub PrepTest 120 old PrepTest 47 | ||
| 1 | 1963 Brooklyn jobs demonstration and Black churcheshistory | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Cultural Revolution's effect on Chinese arthumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Court-connected family mediation compared with other programslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Court-Connected Family Mediation Programs in Canada (Alberta Law Reform Institute, 1994) |
| 4 | Why disease-causing parasites evolve to harm hostsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 119 old PrepTest 46 | ||
| 1 | Why economic output is a poor measure of prosperitysocial science | LSAC credit, likely match William Bryant Logan, What Is Prosperity? (POINT, 1995) |
| 2 | Joy Kogawa's Obasan and wartime Japanese-Canadian experiencehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Cheng Lok Chua, Witnessing the Japanese Canadian Experience in World War II: Processual Structure, Symbolism, and Irony in Joy Kogawa's Obasan (Temple University, 1992) |
| 3 | Why pronghorns run so fast without predatorsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Carol Kaesuk Yoon, Pronghorn's Speed May Be Legacy of Past Predators (The New York Times, 1996) |
| 4 | Harm principle and paternalistic criminal lawslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 118 old PrepTest 45 | ||
| 1 | Natural disasters and changing relief agency practicesocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Christopher B. Ogden, What Kinds of Help? (Time, 1993) |
| 2 | Rethinking the Hippocratic oath in medical ethicshumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Edmund D. Pellegrino, MD, Ethics: Rethinking the Hippocratic Oath (American Medical Association, 1996) |
| 3 | Evolutionary origin of lichens, fungus and alga partnershipnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Carol Kaesuk Yoon, Pariahs of the Fungal World, Lichens Finally Get Some Respect (The New York Times, 1995) |
| 4 | Constitutional protection of aboriginal rights in Canadalaw | LSAC credit, likely match James H. March, ed., The Canadian Encyclopedia (Hurtig Publishers Ltd., 1988) |
| LawHub PrepTest 117 old PrepTest 44 | ||
| 1 | Prepaid legal plans and the quality of legal helplaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Marsha Kideckel, Pre-Paid Legal Plans: Legal Help for Less or Less Help? (Canadian Lawyer, 1989) |
| 2 | Historians studying explorers' and settlers' reactions to landscapehistory | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Neurotrophic factors and nerve cell survivalnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Modernist architecture's claims about technologyhumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 116 old PrepTest 43 | ||
| 1 | Oil spills and offshore drilling regulationlaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Code-switching among Puerto Rican bilingual speakerssocial science | LSAC credit, likely match Miwa Nishimura, Japanese/English Code-Switching: Syntax and Pragmatics (1995) LSAC's credit; the passage uses Puerto Rican examples |
| 3 | Reader-response theory in literary criticismhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 4 | Commercializing faculty research discoveries at universitieslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Michael A. Olivas, The Political Economy of Immigration, Intellectual Property, and Racial Harassment: Case Studies of the Implementation of Legal Change on Campus (Ohio State University Press, 1992) |
| LawHub PrepTest 116 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 32 | ||
| 1 | Whether defense lawyers must believe clients are innocentlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed A. S. Cutler, Lawyers Should Not Accept Unlawful Cases (Greenhaven Press, 1983) |
| 2 | Competing proposals for multicultural educationsocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Study of Native American autobiographieshumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Physiological effects of wine beyond alcoholnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 115 old PrepTest 39 | ||
| 1 | Mexican muralism and its link to state sponsorshiphumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Leslie Judd Ahlander, Mexico's Muralists and the New York School (General Secretariat of the Organization of American States, 1979) |
| 2 | Fairy tales and the conflicting interests of parents and childrenhumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Marina Tatar, Off with Their Heads!: Fairy Tales and the Culture of Childhood (Princeton University Press, 1992) |
| 3 | Failure of classical wave theory of radiationnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Thomas S. Kuhn, Black-Body Theory and the Quantum Discontinuity 1894–1912 (Oxford University Press, 1978) |
| 4 | Internet information sharing and privacy or copyright concernslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 115 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 31 | ||
| 1 | Resource use if world population reaches 10 billionsocial science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Robert A. Frosch and Nicholas E. Gallopoulos, Strategies for Manufacturing (Scientific American, 1989) |
| 2 | Thurgood Marshall's earlier Supreme Court cases before Brownlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Paul Reidinger, The Long March to Brown (ABA Journal, 1994) |
| 3 | Donna Haraway's feminist history of science booksocial science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Donna Haraway, Primate Visions: Gender, Race, and Nature in the World of Modern Science (Routledge (book), 1989) |
| 4 | Philosophers' challenges to subjective study of the mindsocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 114 old PrepTest 38 | ||
| 1 | Pre-1492 Native American alteration of Western Hemisphere forestshistory | LSAC credit, confirmed William M. Denevan, The Pristine Myth: The Landscape of the Americas in 1492 (Association of American Geographers, 1992) |
| 2 | Intellectual authority versus institutional authoritylaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Charles W. Collier, Intellectual Authority and Institutional Authority (Association of American Law Schools, 1992) |
| 3 | Historical sociology and society-individual relationshipsocial science | LSAC credit, likely match Bruce Curtis, Mapping the Social: Notes from Jacob Keefer's Educational Tours, 1845 (1993) |
| 4 | Keeping medical students empathetic through narrative ethicssocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed John O'Toole, The Story of Ethics: Narrative as a Means for Ethical Understanding and Action (American Medical Association, 1995) |
| LawHub PrepTest 113 old PrepTest 37 | ||
| 1 | Why jury verdicts should be unanimouslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Charles Sevilla, Unanimous Juries Are Essential (Greenhaven Press, 1983) |
| 2 | Marie Curie's discovery of radioactivity in pitchblendenatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man and its themeshumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 4 | Psychology of decision making and risky government gamblessocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| LawHub PrepTest 112 old PrepTest 36 | ||
| 1 | Community weakening in technological modern societiessocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Elizabethan and Jacobean intellectual culture beyond literaturehumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) J. W. Binns, Intellectual Culture in Elizabethan and Jacobean England (Francis Cairns, 1990) |
| 3 | Hormones' effects on behavior beyond reproductionnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | South African lawyers adapting to a rights-based legal systemlaw | LSAC credit, likely match Steven Keeva, Defending the Revolution (ABA Journal, 1994) |
| LawHub PrepTest 111 old PrepTest 35 | ||
| 1 | Women's memoirs of the French Revolutionhistory | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Painter Romare Bearden's techniques and African-American themeshumanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Ralph Ellison, The Art of Romare Bearden (Going to the Territory (Random House), 1986) |
| 3 | Philosophers of science and biology's uncertaintynatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Dworkin on judges, legal positivism, and natural lawlaw | LSAC credit, likely match Anthony J. Sebock, Judging the Fugitive Slave Acts (The Yale Law Journal, 1991) |
| LawHub PrepTest 110 old PrepTest 34 | ||
| 1 | Why authoritarian rule gives way to democracysocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Blues music as more than sadnesshumanities | LSAC credit, likely match Theophus H. Smith, Conjuring America: Biblical Foundations of Black America (Oxford University Press, 1994) |
| 3 | Lamarck's inheritance of acquired traits and modern evidencenatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Otto E. Landman, Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics (Scientific American, 1993) |
| 4 | Asylum eligibility for women persecuted for genderlaw | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 110 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 30 | ||
| 1 | Zoological classification of the okapinatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Fate versus autonomy in Greek tragedyhumanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Jean-Pierre Vernant and Pierre Vidal-Naquet, Myth and Tragedy in Ancient Greece (Zone Books, 1972) Borrow free |
| 3 | Critical Legal Studies and claims of contradiction in lawlaw | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Denise Meyerson, Fundamental Contradictions in Critical Legal Studies (Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 11(3):439, 1991) |
| 4 | African origins of rice cultivation in Americahistory | LSAC credit, likely match |
| LawHub PrepTest 109 old PrepTest 33 | ||
| 1 | Limits of GNP per capita as welfare measuresocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Slave narrative by Harriet Jacobs and its wider significancehumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Rising carbon dioxide and its effects on plantsnatural science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) F. A. Bazzaz and E. D. Fajer, Plant Life in a CO2-Rich World (Scientific American, 1992) |
| 4 | Bentham's contributions to the law of evidencelaw | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 108 old PrepTest C | ||
| 1 | How forest birds survive freezing winter nightsnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Whether juvenile delinquency leads to adult crimesocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 3 | Communism among Black Alabamians in the Depression erahistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Robin D. G. Kelley, Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists During the Great Depression (UNC Press, 1990) |
| 4 | Darwin's view of early humans as hunterssocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 108 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 22 | ||
| 1 | Frida Kahlo's art and Mexican identityhumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Narrative and law, competing stories in legal judgmentslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Moral blame of corporations for profit-driven decisionssocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Whether scientific knowledge rests on language conventionsnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Kenneth A. Bruffee, Science in a Postmodern World (Helen Dwight Reid Educational Foundation, 1992) |
| LawHub PrepTest 107 old PrepTest 29 | ||
| 1 | Prewar European painters seen as prophetic of catastrophehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Tribal communities maintaining their traditional languagessocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Paul Boyer and Bill Leap, Culture with Literacy (Tribal College, 1993) |
| 3 | Platypus bill sensing prey electricallynatural science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) H. Scheich, G. Langner, C. Tidemann, R. B. Coles, A. Guppy, Electroreception and electrolocation in platypus (Nature 319:401-402, 1986) |
| 4 | Medieval English law and women's history scholarshiphistory | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 106 old PrepTest 28 | ||
| 1 | Native American tribe's land claim and legal recognitionlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Gerald Torres, Kathryn Milun, Translating Yonnondio by Precedent and Evidence: The Mashpee Indian Case (Duke Law Journal, 1990) |
| 2 | Lingering atmospheric effects of major volcanic eruptionsnatural science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Clifford F. Mass and David A. Portman, Major Volcanic Eruptions and Climate: A Critical Evaluation (Journal of Climate 2:566, 1989) |
| 3 | Steady-state economics challenging neoclassical economic modelssocial science | LSAC credit, likely match |
| 4 | Hollywood star system and celebrity private liveshumanities | LSAC credit, likely match |
| LawHub PrepTest 105 old PrepTest B | ||
| 1 | Whether invertebrates form true schoolsnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Proportionality of criminal penalties to crimeslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Spanish as shared language of Hispanic-American writershumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Octavio Paz, Convergences: Essays on Art and Literature (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1987) Borrow free |
| 4 | Renaissance women's education and opportunity, scholarly debatehistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Joan Gibson, Educating for Silence: Renaissance Women and the Language Arts (Hypatia 4(1):9-27, 1989) |
| LawHub PrepTest 104 old PrepTest 27 | ||
| 1 | Pretrial publicity and finding impartial jurorslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Newton N. Minow and Fred H. Cate, The Search for Justice: Is Impartiality Really Possible? (Society for the Advancement of Education, 1992) |
| 2 | Hopi personal names as meaningful literaturehumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Peter Whiteley, Hopuutungwni: 'Hopi Names' as Literature (Smithsonian Institution, 1992) |
| 3 | How homing pigeons find their way homenatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Freud's uncanny and literary criticism's sublimehumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| LawHub PrepTest 104 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 20 | ||
| 1 | Miles Davis's restless career and criticshumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Canon lawyers' professional associations and standardslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Social status hierarchies in bird flocksnatural science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Sievert Rohwer, Status Signaling in Harris Sparrows: Some Experiments in Deception (Behaviour 61:107-129, 1977) |
| 4 | Why the Classic Maya civilization collapsedhistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) John W. G. Lowe, The Dynamics of Apocalypse: A Systems Simulation of the Classic Maya Collapse (University of New Mexico Press (book), 1985) Borrow free |
| LawHub PrepTest 103 old PrepTest 26 | ||
| 1 | Compulsory national service and liberal principlessocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | James Porter, African influence on American art historyhumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) James A. Porter, Modern Negro Art (Dryden Press (book), 1943) |
| 3 | 1987-88 Atlantic bottlenose dolphin die-offnatural science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) J. R. Geraci, Investigation of the 1987-1988 Mass Mortality of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Naval Research Reviews 41(2), 1989) Read free |
| 4 | Wives' property and marriage contract in Englandhistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Susan Staves, Married Women's Separate Property in England, 1660-1833 (Harvard University Press, 1990) |
| LawHub PrepTest 102 old PrepTest 25 | ||
| 1 | Privacy of electronic mail at worksocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed |
| 2 | Scholarly study of Homeric poetry by nonspecialistshumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Powwow as sign of tribal culture's decline or vitalitysocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed William K. Powers, War Dance: Plains Indian Musical Performance (Arizona Board of Regents, 1990) |
| 4 | Analytic versus holistic study of complex systemssocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed D.C. Phillips, Holistic Thought in Social Science (Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University, 1976) |
| LawHub PrepTest 101 old PrepTest 24 | ||
| 1 | How to communicate technological risk to the publicsocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Pico Korea union and Korean American coalitionhistory | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Ramsay Liem and Jinsoo Kim, Pico Korea Workers' Struggle, Korean Americans, and the Lessons of Solidarity (Amerasia Journal 18(1), 1992) |
| 3 | Social science analysis of court opinions, outcomes analysislaw | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Sage L. Schoenfeld and Perry A. Zirkel, Sex Discrimination in Higher Education: An Analysis of the Case Law (Journal of Law & Education 18:567, 1989) |
| 4 | Art fakes and what they revealhumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Mark Jones (ed.), Fake? The Art of Deception (British Museum Publications, 1990) |
| LawHub PrepTest 101 (its unscored section) old PrepTest 19 | ||
| 1 | Critical debate over P. D. James crime novelshumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Native American standing against excavation and display of remainslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Latitudinal gradient of species richness hypothesesnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Studies reexamining Eric Williams on British abolition motiveshistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Seymour Drescher; David Eltis, Capitalism and Antislavery (1986); Economic Growth and the Ending of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (1987) (Oxford Univ. Press / Macmillan (books), 1987) |
| September 2025 | ||
| 1 | Legal standing for natural objects like riverslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Christopher D. Stone, Should Trees Have Standing? Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects (Tioga Publishing, 1974) Borrow free |
| 2 | Sentimentality in literature and bestsellershumanities | LSAC credit, confirmed Andrew Piper and Richard Jean So, Quantifying the Weepy Bestseller (New Republic, 2015) |
| 3 | Medical simulation in health care educationsocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed S. Barry Issenberg and Ross J. Scalese, Simulation in Health Care Education (Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 2008) |
| 4 | Evidence and origin of water on the moonnatural science | LSAC credit, confirmed Passage A: Eric Hand, Water on the Moon? (Nature, 2009) Passage B: Dana Mackenzie, Liquid Asset: The Damp Side of the Moon (New Scientist, 2010) |
| PrepTest 23 | ||
| 1 | Alpers on disputed Rembrandt attributionshumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Svetlana Alpers, Rembrandt's Enterprise: The Studio and the Market (University of Chicago Press, 1988) |
| 2 | Medieval women and the public/private law dividelaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Polarized views in environmental crisis debatesocial science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Historians shift to preserving immigrant ethnic cultureshistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Stephen S. Fugita and David J. O'Brien, Japanese American Ethnicity: The Persistence of Community (University of Washington Press (book), 1991) |
| February 1997 | ||
| 1 | Aries's thesis on medieval childhood evidencehistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Shulamith Shahar, Childhood in the Middle Ages (Routledge (book), 1990) |
| 2 | Rising CO2 and greenhouse warming measurementsnatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 3 | British feminists and women's work-hour limitshistory | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | Jackson's Black Writers in Latin Americahumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Richard L. Jackson, Black Writers in Latin America (University of New Mexico Press, 1979) |
| PrepTest 21 | ||
| 1 | Rediscovering the London Pianoforte School composershumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Nicholas Temperley (ed.), The London Pianoforte School 1766-1860 (Garland Publishing, 1984) |
| 2 | Natural law versus positivism, how judges reach opinionslaw | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) James Boyd White, Justice as Translation: An Essay in Cultural and Legal Criticism (University of Chicago Press (book), 1990) |
| 3 | Biogenic versus abiogenic theories of oil originnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | Life in Southeast Asian refugee processing centerssocial science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) James W. Tollefson, Alien Winds: The Reeducation of America's Indochinese Refugees (Praeger, 1989) |
| PrepTest 18 | ||
| 1 | Law-and-literature movement as legal pedagogylaw | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Richard A. Posner, Law and Literature: A Misunderstood Relation (Harvard University Press (book), 1988) |
| 2 | Historians of science explaining views by ideology, Pasteurhistory | Credits page not in our copy |
| 3 | Cherokee acculturation in 1820s revised viewhistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) |
| 4 | Luminist painting reinterpreted beyond tranquil mysticismhumanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Donald Kuspit, The Critic Is Artist: The Intentionality of Art (chapter on Luminism; chapter title not identified) (UMI Research Press, Ann Arbor, 1984) Borrow free |
| PrepTest 17 | ||
| 1 | Hurston's influence on Black women writershumanities | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Hard legal cases and Hart's theory of lawlaw | Credits page not in our copy |
| 3 | Carbon tax versus other emission controlssocial science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Responding to Climate Change: Selected Economic Issues (OECD, 1991) |
| 4 | Causes of West African Sahel droughtnatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| PrepTest 16 | ||
| 1 | Three kinds of Byron scholarship and a fourth approachhumanities | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Supreme Court decisions on Native American legal issueslaw | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Vine Deloria Jr. and Clifford M. Lytle, American Indians, American Justice (University of Texas Press, 1983) |
| 3 | Large systems collapse via accumulation of small events, not big causesnatural science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) |
| 4 | Golden age theory of colonial women's statushistory | Credits page not in our copy |
| PrepTest 15 | ||
| 1 | Mantle plumes and mass extinctionsnatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Folklore studies shift from lore to folk performers (women's folklore)humanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Francis A. de Caro, Women and Folklore: A Bibliographic Survey (Greenwood Press (book), 1983) |
| 3 | How language limits political thoughthistory | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | US anti-discrimination law and Black economic progresssocial science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) John J. Donohue III and James Heckman, Continuous Versus Episodic Change: The Impact of Civil Rights Policy on the Economic Status of Blacks (Journal of Economic Literature 29:1603-1643 (NBER WP 3894), 1991) |
| PrepTest 14 | ||
| 1 | Earth's magnetic field polarity reversalsnatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Borrowed meanings in contemporary literary criticism languagehumanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Christopher Ricks and Leonard Michaels, eds., The State of the Language (1990 edition) (University of California Press, 1990) Borrow free An essay in this collection; the essay's author isn't identified |
| 3 | Proposed law on reclaiming stolen artwork, burden of prooflaw | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | Comparing Russian serfdom and American slaveryhistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Peter Kolchin, Unfree Labor: American Slavery and Russian Serfdom (Harvard University Press (book), 1987) |
| PrepTest 13 | ||
| 1 | Adult vertebrate brain neurogenesis overturns fixed-neuron dogmanatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Free Black landowners in colonial Virginiahistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) T. H. Breen and Stephen Innes, Myne Owne Ground: Race and Freedom on Virginia's Eastern Shore, 1640-1676 (Oxford University Press, 1980) The passage reviews this book; reviewer unknown |
| 3 | Watteau's image and nineteenth-century writers' blind spothumanities | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | Jury fact-finding as inference using everyday cognitionlaw | Credits page not in our copy |
| PrepTest 12 | ||
| 1 | Otto Wagner and the case for modern architecturehumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Otto Wagner, Modern Architecture (Moderne Architektur) (Getty Center (Mallgrave translation), 1988) First published in Vienna, 1896 |
| 2 | Cultural versus structural theories of Asian immigrant achievementsocial science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 3 | Formal versus substantive legal reasons in England and USlaw | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) P. S. Atiyah and Robert S. Summers, Form and Substance in Anglo-American Law (Clarendon Press, 1987) |
| 4 | Serotonin and brain regulation of carbohydrate intakenatural science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Richard J. Wurtman and Judith J. Wurtman, Carbohydrates and Depression (Scientific American, 1989) Borrow free |
| PrepTest 11 | ||
| 1 | Thoreau's influence on Martin Luther King overstatedhumanities | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Dahl's defense of polyarchy and political equalitysocial science | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Robert A. Dahl, Democracy and Its Critics (Yale University Press (book), 1989) |
| 3 | Climatic stability theory of Amazon species diversitynatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | Medieval women medical practitioners beyond midwiveshistory | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Monica H. Green, Women's Medical Practice and Health Care in Medieval Europe (Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 1989) Borrow free |
| PrepTest 10 | ||
| 1 | Offshore oil platforms and subsea processing researchnatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Venetian versus Tuscan narrative paintinghumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Patricia Fortini Brown, Venetian Narrative Painting in the Age of Carpaccio (Yale University Press, 1988) The passage reviews this book; reviewer unknown |
| 3 | Legal indeterminacy and vagueness of legal ruleslaw | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | Theories of social movements and civil rights movementsocial science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Doug McAdam, Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930-1970 (University of Chicago Press (book), 1982) |
| PrepTest 9 | ||
| 1 | How photography changed paintinghumanities | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | US postwar Native American readjustment policyhistory | Credits page not in our copy |
| 3 | Literacy's effects on ancient Greek political culturehistory | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | American colonists' shifted meaning of English political wordshistory | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Carl N. Degler, Out of Our Past: The Forces That Shaped Modern America (Harper & Row, 1959) |
| PrepTest 8 | ||
| 1 | Recombinant DNA technology and criminal sanctions for misuselaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Richard Kevin Zepfel, Stopping a 'Gruesome Parade of Horribles': Criminal Sanctions to Deter Corporate Misuse of Recombinant DNA Technology (Southern California Law Review, 1986) |
| 2 | Gray marketing of trademarked goodslaw | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Authenticity of early African American autobiographical narrativeshumanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) William L. Andrews, To Tell a Free Story: The First Century of Afro-American Autobiography, 1760-1865 (University of Illinois Press (book), 1986) Borrow free |
| 4 | Wealth and power of northern manufacturers in Victorian Britainhistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) W. D. Rubinstein, Men of Property (Croom Helm, 1981) |
| PrepTest 7 | ||
| 1 | Workforce organization ignoring family responsibilitiessocial science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Contradictions in Webster's tragic charactershumanities | Credits page not in our copy |
| 3 | Crop monoculture, soil pathogens and rotationnatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | Dawes Act trust patents and Native American landhistory | Credits page not in our copy |
| PrepTest 6 | ||
| 1 | Right-to-work laws and Black workers' wagessocial science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Women physicians in missionary hospitals in Cantonhistory | Credits page not in our copy |
| 3 | Early music movement and Mozart, Beethoven performancehumanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Charles Rosen, Critical Entertainments: Music Old and New (Harvard University Press, 2000) Borrow free Essay collected in 2000; it first appeared earlier |
| 4 | US steel industry segments: integrated, minimill, specialtysocial science | Credits page not in our copy |
| PrepTest 5 | ||
| 1 | Foreign investment agreements and host government changeslaw | Credits page not in our copy |
| 2 | Frijda's law of apparent reality and art emotionshumanities | Credits page not in our copy |
| 3 | Bacterial sensing and movement toward chemicalsnatural science | Credits page not in our copy |
| 4 | Studying lives through life passages versus life historiessocial science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Gretchen M. Bataille and Kathleen Mullen Sands, American Indian Women: Telling Their Lives (University of Nebraska Press, 1984) Borrow free |
| PrepTest 4 | ||
| 1 | International law doctrines governing coastal marine ecosystemslaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Martin H. Belsky, Management of Large Marine Ecosystems: Developing a New Rule of Customary International Law (San Diego Law Review, 1985) |
| 2 | Loss of biological diversity from human activitynatural science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Edward O. Wilson, Threats to Biodiversity (Scientific American, 1989) |
| 3 | Historians' treatment of women in the French Revolutionhistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Joan B. Landes; Dominique Godineau; Elisabeth Roudinesco; Elisabeth Badinter, Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French Revolution (1988); Citoyennes tricoteuses (1988); Theroigne de Mericourt (1989) (Cornell UP / Alinea / Seuil (books), 1989) |
| 4 | Shifting art-historical approaches to Impressionismhumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Robert L. Herbert, Impressionism: Art, Leisure, and Parisian Society (Yale University Press, 1988) |
| PrepTest 3 | ||
| 1 | Asteroids that have moonsnatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Robert Boyle's laboratory work versus how it was reportedhistory | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Steven Shapin, The Invisible Technician (American Scientist 77(6):554-563, 1989) |
| 3 | Antitrust law and abuse of monopoly powerlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Warren G. Lavey and Dennis W. Carlton, Economic Goals and Remedies of the AT&T Modified Final Judgment (The Georgetown Law Journal, 1983) |
| 4 | Navajo weaving styles and how to classify themhumanities | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Charles Avery Amsden, Navajo Weaving: Its Technic and History (Fine Arts Press, 1934) |
| PrepTest 2 | ||
| 1 | Langston Hughes and African American literary languagehumanities | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Richard K. Barksdale, Langston Hughes: His Times and His Humanistic Techniques (Black American Literature and Humanism (ed. R. Baxter Miller), Univ. Press of Kentucky, 1981) |
| 2 | Railroad's impact on American history and culturehistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) John R. Stilgoe, Metropolitan Corridor: Railroads and the American Scene (Yale University Press (book), 1983) |
| 3 | Organisms' adaptive responses to environmental changenatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | President's authority to use troops without war declarationlaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Cyrus R. Vance, Striking the Balance: Congress and the President Under the War Powers Resolution (University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 1984) |
| PrepTest 1 | ||
| 1 | Phillis Wheatley's poetry and its criticshumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 2 | Early scientific disciplines as thesis and antithesisnatural science | Likely source (our research; LSAC didn't credit it) Edward O. Wilson, On Human Nature (Harvard University Press, 1978) |
| 3 | Adversarial versus inquisitorial systems of criminal procedurelaw | LSAC credit, confirmed Christopher Osakwe, Modern Soviet Criminal Procedure: A Critical Analysis (Tulane Law Review, 1983) |
| 4 | Pressures reducing medicine's professional role and ethicssocial science | LSAC credit, confirmed Leon R. Kass, Professing Medically: The Place of Ethics in Defining Medicine (Journal of the American Medical Association, 1983) |
| PrepTest A | ||
| 1 | Pope Alexander III and medieval marriage consenthistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Charles Donahue Jr., The Policy of Alexander the Third's Consent Theory of Marriage (Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of Medieval Canon Law (1976); see also his 'Dating of Alexander the Third's Marriage Decretals,' ZRG Kan. Abt. 68 (1982), 1976) |
| 2 | Black women filmmakers and realist cinemahumanities | LSAC lists no source |
| 3 | Wegener and continental drift acceptancenatural science | LSAC lists no source |
| 4 | The baroque as a way of thinking, not just a stylehistory | Book or paper the passage discusses (our find, not LSAC's credit) Jose Antonio Maravall, Culture of the Baroque: Analysis of a Historical Structure (La cultura del barroco) (University of Minnesota Press, 1986) |
Nothing matches. Try a shorter search or another subject.
Where to start: 12 that became passages
If your test is a few months out and you want a reading list, pick the subject that gives you the most trouble and read 1 or 2 pieces a week. LSAC adapted each one below into a passage, so I put its LawHub PrepTest number next to it. Most are behind a paywall or a monthly article limit, which is where that library card comes in. Two are free.
- John Mearsheimer, “Why We Will Soon Miss the Cold War” (1990, PrepTest 121). Free scan on his own site.
- Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, “The Psychology of Preferences” (1982, PrepTest 113).
- Stephen Jay Gould, “Darwinian Fundamentalism” (1997, PrepTest 141).
- Paul Krugman, “The Pin Factory Mystery” (2006, PrepTest 138). It's a book review, so the page shows the book's title instead.
- Kwame Anthony Appiah, “Whose Culture Is It?” (2006, PrepTest 147).
- Guy Deutscher, “Does Your Language Shape How You Think?” (2010, PrepTest 155).
- Freeman Dyson, “One in a Million” (2004, PrepTest 156).
- Janet Malcolm, “The Genius of the Glass House” (1999, PrepTest 141).
- Karl Sigmund, Ernst Fehr, and Martin Nowak, “The Economics of Fair Play” (2001, PrepTest 131).
- Jeffrey Rosen, “The Brain on the Stand” (2007, PrepTest 142).
- Alfred Lessing, “What Is Wrong With a Forgery?” (1983, PrepTest 145). Free to read with a JSTOR account.
- Christopher Lasch, “The Corruption of Sports” (1977, PrepTest 159). Its passage is also in LSAC's free April 2025 test (PDF).
Most of those you can read in an afternoon. A few of the books on the full list are worth it too if you like the subject. Ted Gioia's Delta Blues (PrepTest 153) and David Quammen's The Song of the Dodo (PrepTest 139) are both well written, and both were adapted into Reading Comp passages.
A note of caution. This is extra reading, on top of timed sections and careful review. It gets you used to the style. It won't teach you why the wrong answers are wrong, and that's still where most Reading Comp points come from.
Why 104 passages have no source
There are 2 different reasons. For 71 passages, the booklet has a credits page and it lists nothing for that passage. That passage may be LSAC's own writing, or a source LSAC didn't list, and the booklet doesn't say which. For the other 33, the copies I have of those booklets (a run of the earliest tests, plus February 1997) show no credits page at all, so I can't tell. Each row says which case it is. If you know where one of the blank passages came from, or you have a print copy of an older PrepTest with a credits page I'm missing, email [email protected] and I'll add it.
Questions
Does LSAC write the Reading Comp passages itself?
Yes. LSAC's test writers write and edit every passage, but they often start from published writing like journal articles, magazine pieces, and academic books. When they do, the booklet's credits page usually names the source. Even then, the passage is LSAC's own rewrite, so it won't match the original word for word.
Will reading these sources raise my Reading Comp score?
Some, if you read actively. You'll get used to the style and the kinds of arguments the test likes. It won't replace timed practice and review, which is where most of the points come from.
Why is the typical source from around 1995?
LSAC reaches back. The typical credited work was about 13 years old by the time it showed up on a test, and only 7 of the credited works are from 2010 or later. So the writing you're training for is older academic prose, with long sentences and a lot of "some scholars have argued."
Are the newest tests included?
Yes, through the free booklets LSAC has posted: February 2024, April 2025, and September 2025. Tests that were never released as PrepTests can't be included.
Why does each test show 2 numbers?
LawHub renumbered the tests and rebuilt many of them from older sections. Each test shows the LawHub PrepTest that uses its Reading Comp section first, in bold, then the old PrepTest number. Some old tests aren't on LawHub, so they only show the old number.
My free cheat sheet has the short version of how to read these passages on test day.
Get the free LSAT cheat sheetSources come from the acknowledgment pages in LSAC's PrepTest booklets. Topics are our own short descriptions. Author names link to Wikipedia where there's a page. Book titles link to Open Library (“Borrow free” means anyone with a free Internet Archive account can borrow a copy), journal articles go to the article page when I could find it and to Google Scholar otherwise, and magazine and newspaper pieces to that outlet's own search. About 53 matches rest on the passage's topic alone, so if you spot a wrong one, email [email protected] and I'll fix it.